Experimental superposition of orders of quantum gates

Author(s)
Lorenzo M. Procopio, Amir Moqanaki, Mateus Araujo, Fabio Costa, Irati Alonso Calafell, Emma G. Dowd, Deny R. Hamel, Lee A. Rozema, Caslav Brukner, Philip Walther
Abstract

Quantum computers achieve a speed-up by placing quantum bits (qubits) in superpositions of different states. However, it has recently been appreciated that quantum mechanics also allows one to 'superimpose different operations'. Furthermore, it has been shown that using a qubit to coherently control the gate order allows one to accomplish a task-determining if two gates commute or anti-commute-with fewer gate uses than any known quantum algorithm. Here we experimentally demonstrate this advantage, in a photonic context, using a second qubit to control the order in which two gates are applied to a first qubit. We create the required superposition of gate orders by using additional degrees of freedom of the photons encoding our qubits. The new resource we exploit can be interpreted as a superposition of causal orders, and could allow quantum algorithms to be implemented with an efficiency unlikely to be achieved on a fixed-gate-order quantum computer.

Organisation(s)
Quantum Optics, Quantum Nanophysics and Quantum Information
External organisation(s)
Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften (ÖAW)
Journal
Nature Communications
Volume
6
No. of pages
6
ISSN
2041-1723
Publication date
08-2015
Peer reviewed
Yes
Austrian Fields of Science 2012
103025 Quantum mechanics
Keywords
ASJC Scopus subject areas
General Physics and Astronomy, General Chemistry, General Biochemistry,Genetics and Molecular Biology
Portal url
https://ucrisportal.univie.ac.at/en/publications/7aa6af36-b623-46c1-8ced-63936f488659